As a lifelong fly angler, I’ve always been on the lookout for new challenges, and fly fishing for lake trout became an exciting prospect. A few years ago, when I changed jobs, some of my new colleagues spoke enthusiastically about their annual spring fishing trip. They mentioned that the smelt would run up the tributaries of the local lake to spawn each spring, and the lake trout would follow closely behind, eager to feast on the smelt.
The idea of lake trout chasing smelt immediately struck me. I figured that since the fish were there primarily for an easy meal, a streamer fly might do the trick. Moreover, the shallow waters they described seemed perfect for fly fishing, as it would allow me to present a fly to the trout without worrying too much about depth. Despite the excitement, the timing never seemed to align for a trip, and several years passed before I finally had the chance to join in.
Fly Fishing for Lake Trout: Morning Adventure
It was my buddy Brian who finally made it happen. He invited me to join him on his boat for an early morning fishing adventure before work. We met in the dark and navigated to the bay we intended to fish, using our headlamps to guide the way. As the first light of dawn began to peek over the mountain, I rigged up my 7-weight rod with a shooting head line. I was hoping it would be perfect for getting one of Ed Bendl’s tandem “Margo Smelt” patterns down about five feet or so, right where the trout were likely cruising.
The morning began quietly, with Brian breaking the silence when a lake trout grabbed his soft plastic bait. Encouraged, I started retrieving my fly over the bottom, around seven feet deep. As I gave the fly a slow strip, I felt an unmistakable tug—a strong, deliberate pull. I set the hook and could immediately tell it was a nice fish. The trout bulldogged along the bottom, running some line off my reel before I was finally able to get it to the net. At about four pounds, it wasn’t huge, but it was a solid catch, and the adrenaline of the fight made it feel all the more satisfying.
From that point on, the morning was filled with action. We each hooked and landed several more lake trout, the bite staying steady until the sun climbed higher and the fish retreated to deeper water, where the water temperature and conditions were more favorable.
The Logistics of the Spring Laker Run
In the early spring, the smelt migrate from the depths of lakes and ascend the tributary streams to spawn. This spawning ritual takes place in various lakes in the Adirondacks, including Lake George, Lake Champlain, and other bodies of water with smelt populations. As the smelt make their way upstream, the lake trout follow closely behind, lured into the shallows where they gorge on the vulnerable fish.
There are a few key signs that let you know the smelt run is in full swing. One of the most obvious indicators is the increased presence of gulls and other avian predators around creek mouths. These birds are quick to capitalize on the smelt migration, and their concentration in specific areas is a clear signal that the trout are likely nearby as well. Keeping an ear to the ground with local fishing reports can also help you time your trips—when the smelt are active, so are the lake trout.
Typically, the action begins just after ice-out, and it doesn’t last long. The smelt run provides a relatively short window of opportunity, and timing can vary from year to year. In some years, the run is over quickly, while in others, it can stretch on for a couple of weeks or more. A lot of this depends on the weather, and colder springs generally mean a longer fishing window, as the cooler temperatures allow the smelt to spawn for a more extended period.
Sunlight Impacts Fishing in the Spring
In the early spring, the smelt migrate from the depths of lakes and ascend the tributary streams to spawn. This spawning ritual takes place in various lakes in the Adirondacks, including Lake George, Lake Champlain, and other bodies of water with smelt populations. As the smelt make their way upstream, the lake trout follow closely behind, lured into the shallows where they gorge on the vulnerable fish.
There are a few key signs that let you know the smelt run is in full swing. One of the most obvious indicators is the increased presence of gulls and other avian predators around creek mouths. These birds are quick to capitalize on the smelt migration, and their concentration in specific areas is a clear signal that the trout are likely nearby as well. Keeping an ear to the ground with local fishing reports can also help you time your trips—when the smelt are active, so are the lake trout.
Typically, the action begins just after ice-out, and it doesn’t last long. The smelt run provides a relatively short window of opportunity, and timing can vary from year to year. In some years, the run is over quickly, while in others, it can stretch on for a couple of weeks or more. A lot of this depends on the weather, and colder springs generally mean a longer fishing window, as the cooler temperatures allow the smelt to spawn for a more extended period.
Flies and Tackle
Fishing for lake trout, particularly in the spring when they follow the smelt up the tributaries, requires specific tackle and flies to effectively reach these fish in shallow waters near creek mouths. The key is to get your fly to the right depth, as lake trout tend to feed in water that ranges from a few feet deep to around 10-12 feet.
To achieve this, a full sink line, shooting head, or sink-tip line is essential. I personally prefer a shooting head for its versatility, allowing me to switch out heavier or lighter heads depending on the fishing conditions and the depths I need to target. The flexibility of the shooting head makes it easier to adapt to different situations, whether the water is shallower or deeper on any given day.
Other Essential Equipment for Fly Fishing for Lake Trout
Fishing for lake trout, especially in the early spring when water temperatures are still chilly, requires more than just the right tackle and fly patterns. There are a few other pieces of equipment that can significantly enhance your safety, comfort, and overall fishing experience.
1. Navigational Tools
When fishing in the early morning or evening, it’s essential to navigate safely, particularly if you’re heading out in the dark. If you’re fishing from a boat, having a reliable guide who knows the lake can make all the difference. However, if you are unfamiliar with the waters, navigation becomes crucial.
- Headlamps: A headlamp is a must for low-light conditions, particularly during early morning launches. It allows for hands-free navigation while keeping your focus on getting your boat to the desired fishing spots. Make sure to bring extra batteries as they can be consumed quickly in cold temperatures.
- GPS Unit: If you don’t have local knowledge, a GPS unit loaded with a lake contour map can be a life-saver. It’ll help you navigate unfamiliar waters, locate creek mouths, and avoid hazards like submerged rocks or shallow areas. A good lake map can also help pinpoint key fishing zones based on depth contours.
2. Safety Gear: Personal Flotation Device (PFD)
Water temperatures during the early spring can be dangerously cold, especially with just-thawed ice still affecting lake conditions. The cold water can sap your body heat quickly, increasing the risk of hypothermia if you fall in. A well-fitting, comfortable PFD (Personal Flotation Device) is non-negotiable for safety. Choose one that won’t hinder movement but is designed for cold-weather conditions, offering maximum warmth and buoyancy.
3. Warm Clothing
As you fish during the early spring, the water temperature will be cold, and the air can still feel brisk, even in the morning sunshine. To stay comfortable:
- Layering: Dress in moisture-wicking layers, starting with a base layer to keep sweat off your skin. Add an insulating layer for warmth and a waterproof outer layer to shield yourself from wind and splashes.
- Thermal Gloves and Hat: Keep your hands and head warm with thermal gloves that still allow dexterity for casting and reeling, and a warm hat that protects you from cold winds and maintains body heat.
4. Towels
Handling lake trout can be a messy endeavor. They are naturally slimy, and when you land one in the net or pose for photos, your hands (and boat) will quickly get coated in fish slime. This can be slippery, posing a safety hazard on a boat. A towel or two is useful for wiping your hands clean, cleaning the boat deck, or drying your gear after a fish encounter. Towels can also help when handling the fish to avoid damage to the delicate skin.
5. Landing Net
A good landing net is essential when fishing for lake trout, especially in shallow water where the fish can be challenging to control. Look for a net with a deep, rubberized mesh that won’t damage the fish’s scales and can accommodate the size of lake trout, which can reach large sizes in some lakes. A larger net is better for safely handling these fish, as they tend to thrash and can be difficult to land without the proper support.
6. Boat Safety and Comfort
As you’re fishing from a boat, comfort and safety while afloat are paramount. In addition to wearing a PFD, ensure that your boat is equipped with:
- Proper Seating: A comfortable seat with good back support is essential, especially for long hours on the water.
- Non-slip Surface: The floor of an aluminum boat can get slippery, especially when wet or when fish slime accumulates. Consider bringing non-slip mats or ensuring the boat has textured flooring to minimize the risk of slipping.
- Boat Paddle/Spare Trolley: Always have a backup paddle or manual means of propulsion, especially if you are fishing in remote areas without immediate access to help.
By bringing the right gear and planning ahead, you’ll ensure a safe, enjoyable, and productive day on the water, allowing you to focus on catching lake trout while staying prepared for the unpredictable nature of early spring fishing conditions.
Try Fly Fishing for Lake Trout
Lake trout are not thought of as a species popular with fly anglers. Lake trout fly fishing isn’t something a lot of anglers have had the opportunity to do. It’s great fun and if you get the chance to go when the smelt are running, give it a try!
Original Article By Rob Streeter
About The Author
Rob Streeter enjoys fly fishing for many species, especially trout and salmon in the Lake Ontario tributaries. He is the outdoor columnist for the Albany Times Union and freelances for several publications. He is a member of the NYS Outdoor Writers’ Association and the Outdoor Writers’ Association of America. Get in touch with Rob at robstreeter.com.
